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Christopher Gaal ( Mansfield, MA )
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Christopher Gaal ( Mansfield, MA )
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Methods and systems are disclosed for phototreatment in which replaceable containers comprising one or more adjuvant (consumable or re-useable) substances are employed. The adjuvant substance can be, for example, a topical substance or a coolant. Systems are disclosed for using a topical substance to detect contact of a phototreatment device with a tissue, detect speed of a phototreatment device over the tissue, detect regions of tissue that have been treated by a phototreatment device and/or to provide other benefits to the tissue such as improved skin tone and texture, tanning, etc. Safety systems are also disclosed that ensure that a proper consumable substance and/or container is connected to a phototreatment device and/or directed to a proper target. Additionally, cooling systems and methods that utilize phase change materials for extracting heat from a light generating device are disclosed.
A ring chuck that holds a wafer with a vacuum uses a vacuum trough that contacts the entire outer edge of the wafer. The chuck has a base having a top surface equal to or slightly smaller than a water to be tested with vacuum channels in the base. The base provides the mechanism to connect the chuck to a measurement instrument and a vacuum source. An annulus of non-contaminant material that has concentric rings extending upward from its outer edge is fixed to the base top surface with the trough between the concentric rings connected to the vacuum channels. The vacuum trough holds the wafer securely to the chuck and minimizes vibrations when the wafer is rotated.
A ring chuck that holds a wafer with a vacuum uses a vacuum trough that contacts the entire outer edge of the wafer. The chuck has a base having a top surface equal to or slightly smaller than a wafer to be tested with vacuum channels in the base. The base provides the mechanism to connect the chuck to a measurement instrument and a vacuum source. An annulus of non-contaminant material that has a plurality of concentric rings extending upward from its outer edge is fixed to the base top surface with the trough between the concentric rings connected to the vacuum channels. The vacuum trough holds the wafer securely to the chuck and minimizes vibrations when the wafer is rotated. When the plurality of concentric rings are contained within the wafer exclusion band, the print through onto the tested area is minimized. The tops of the concentric rings are minimally elevated from the top surface of the base and form a sealed volume that supports the interior portion of the wafer. The tops are also made very narrow to allow small deformations, minimize contamination of the wafer and restrict the transfer of particles between the chuck and the wafer. In addition, the narrow rings limit the number of particles already on the backside of the wafer that are forced onto the wafer. The consistent support provided by the ring chuck simplifies modeling of the chuck/wafer system under rotation, improving the ability to remove the instrument signature from measurements.
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